Every country and many territories have their own two-letter domain: .jp for Japan, .de for Germany, .br for Brazil. These country-code top-level domains (ccTLDs) look alike, but the rules behind them differ a great deal. Some can be registered by anyone in a few minutes. Some require a local address or a company registered in that country. Some are split into second-level domains such as .co.jp or .com.au, each reserved for a particular kind of organisation.
This page collects those rules for every ccTLD in the IANA root zone database, in one place, with a link to the source for each entry.
At a glance
IANA lists 255 two-letter country codes. Of these, 241 accept registrations, 7 are delegated but closed to new registrations, and 7 are not assigned to any registry. Among the 241 that accept registrations:
| Who can register at the main level | ccTLDs |
|---|---|
| Anyone, worldwide | 163 |
| Local presence required | 48 |
| Regional presence required (for example, EU/EEA) | 12 |
| Specific registrants only | 6 |
| Not verified | 12 |
In 14 of them, names can only be registered under a second-level domain, never directly under the TLD. And 65 have at least one second-level domain reserved for companies or registered businesses, such as .co.jp, .com.au, .com.sg or .ltd.uk.
How country-code domains are organised
IANA, the body that coordinates the internet’s top-level domains, delegates each ccTLD to a registry — usually a national internet centre, a university, a government agency or a contractor. Each registry writes its own rules. There is no international standard for who may register, so the same question (“can a foreign company register this?”) has a different answer in each country.
Registries generally organise their namespace in one of three ways:
- Direct registration only. Names are registered straight under the TLD, as in example.de or example.fr.
- Second-level domains only. Names must sit under a category, as in example.com.br.
- Both. Direct names and category domains exist side by side, as in Japan, where example.jp and example.co.jp are both available but follow different rules.
Category domains are where most restrictions live. A category such as .co.jp, .com.au or .com.sg is often limited to organisations that can prove they are registered companies in that country, while education, government and military categories are limited to those institutions almost everywhere.
The kinds of eligibility rule
In the tables below, each ccTLD is placed in one of these groups:
| Label | What it means |
|---|---|
| Anyone | No local presence is required. Individuals and organisations anywhere in the world may register. |
| Local presence required | The registrant (or, in some countries, an administrative contact) must be resident in, or legally established in, the country. Many registrars offer a trustee or local-presence service; whether a registry accepts it is up to that registry. |
| Regional presence required | Presence anywhere in a wider region is enough — typically the EU and EEA. |
| Specific registrants only | Only certain kinds of registrant qualify, for example licensed businesses or national institutions. |
| Not open for registration | The TLD is delegated but does not accept new registrations. |
| Not verified | The registry’s rules could not be confirmed from a reliable source. |
“Second-level only” means that names cannot be registered directly under the TLD; they must sit under one of the listed second-level domains.
Domains only organisations can register
Domains restricted to registered companies are the closest thing the domain system has to a credential. Because the registry checks a company registration before issuing the name, a domain such as .co.jp tells visitors that a legally established company in that country stands behind the site. Japan goes further than most: each organisation may hold only one .co.jp name.
Most countries do not restrict their commercial category this way. In many, .com.xx is open to anyone, and the restricted categories are the ones for schools, universities, government bodies and the military. The tables mark each second-level domain by the kind of registrant it is reserved for, and add ¹ where the registry allows only one per organisation.
What a country domain does for search
A ccTLD is one of the strongest signals a search engine has that a site is intended for users in a particular country. It is not the only way to send that signal: a generic domain such as .com with a country or language subdirectory, correct hreflang annotations and local content can target a country just as well. The choice is usually about operations, trust and the authority a domain has already built up — the trade-offs we work through for Japan in Do You Need a .co.jp Domain to Rank in Japan? apply in most markets.
Where a country’s domain can only be registered by local companies, it also carries a trust signal for people, not just for search engines. That is often the stronger reason to use it.
How to read the tables
- Domain links to the source used for that entry, normally the registry’s own policy.
- Country / territory uses the standard name of the territory the code is assigned to.
- Second-level domains groups the registry’s category domains by the kind of registrant they are meant for. “Open” means anyone who meets the TLD’s general rule may register it; “Regional” means a group of geographic names such as prefectures or cities, shown as a single pattern.
- † marks entries that could not be confirmed in the registry’s own published rules — because the registry publishes none, or because the available sources disagree. Treat these as a starting point and confirm with the registry.
Rules change — registries open and close categories, and some relax or tighten their local-presence requirements. The information below was checked in October 2026. Before registering, confirm the current rules with the registry or an accredited registrar.
Asia
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .af† | Afghanistan | Not verified | Education: .edu.af (Eligibility not published) Government: .gov.af (Eligibility not published) Other: .com.af (Eligibility not published), .net.af (Eligibility not published), .org.af (Eligibility not published), .media.af (Eligibility not published), .tv.af (Eligibility not published) | Registry does not publish eligibility rules. |
| .am | Armenia | Anyone | Local government: .commune.am (Communities of the Republic of Armenia only) Open: .com.am, .co.am, .net.am, .org.am | Each application is reviewed by the registry. The Armenian-script .հայ is also available. |
| .az | Azerbaijan | Anyone | Education: .edu.az (Eligibility not published) Government: .gov.az (Governed by Cabinet of Ministers rules) Military: .mil.az (Eligibility not published) Other: .int.az (Eligibility not published) Open: .biz.az, .co.az, .com.az, .info.az, .name.az, .net.az, .org.az, .pp.az | Registry rules set no nationality requirement; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .bd† | Bangladesh | Local presence required | Companies: .com.bd (Eligibility not published) Non-profits: .org.bd (Eligibility not published) Network operators: .net.bd (Eligibility not published) Education: .ac.bd, .edu.bd Government: .gov.bd Military: .mil.bd Other: .info.bd (Eligibility not published) | Direct .bd open to all since 19 Jan 2026; National ID and trade licence or approval letter required. |
| .bn | Brunei | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.bn (Companies and businesses) Non-profits: .org.bn Network operators: .net.bn Education: .edu.bn Government: .gov.bn | Bona fide local residents only; non-residents may be allowed in future. |
| .bt† | Bhutan | Specific registrants only | Education: .edu.bt Government: .gov.bt Open: .com.bt, .org.bt, .net.bt | Trade licence or organisation letter required; foreign companies accepted with a trade licence. Only com.bt and org.bt listed. |
| .cn | China | Anyone | Companies: .com.cn (Industrial, commercial and financial enterprises) Non-profits: .org.cn, .公益.cn (Rules set by China Organizational Name Administration Center) Network operators: .net.cn Education: .edu.cn (Rules set by CERNET) Research: .ac.cn (Scientific research institutions) Government: .gov.cn, .政务.cn (Rules set by China Organizational Name Administration Center) Military: .mil.cn Regional: . | Real-name verification with ID or business licence required; foreign registrants accepted. |
| .hk | Hong Kong | Anyone | Companies: .com.hk (HK-registered commercial entities, incl. registered overseas companies) Non-profits: .org.hk (HK non-profits; stricter rules from 5 Oct 2026) Network operators: .net.hk (Licensed by Office of the Communications Authority (SBO Class 3)) Education: .edu.hk Government: .gov.hk Individuals: .idv.hk (Hong Kong residents) | Any local or overseas entity may register .hk; category SLDs require HK registration. Chinese .香港 equivalents exist. |
| .id† | Indonesia | Anyone | Companies: .co.id (Indonesian business entities or trademarks registered in Indonesia) Non-profits: .or.id (Indonesian organisations) Network operators: .net.id (Indonesian telecom/ISP operators) Education: .ac.id (Higher education), .sch.id (Schools) Government: .go.id (Via domain.go.id) Local government: .desa.id (Villages; via domain.go.id) Open: .my.id, .biz.id | Requirements for .web.id are not clearly published. |
| .in | India | Anyone | Education: .ac.in (Academic institutions), .edu.in (Indian colleges and universities) Research: .res.in (Indian research institutes) Government: .gov.in Military: .mil.in Other: .bank.in (Indian banks only; IDRBT exclusive registrar (RBI mandate)), .fin.in (Non-bank financial institutions (RBI mandate)) Open: .co.in, .net.in, .org.in, .firm.in, .gen.in, .ind.in, .5g.in, .6g.in, .ai.in, .am.in, .bihar.in, .biz.in, .business.in, .ca.in, .cn.in, .com.in, .coop.in, .cs.in, .delhi.in, .dr.in, .er.in, .gujarat.in, .info.in, .int.in, .internet.in, .io.in, .me.in, .pg.in, .post.in, .pro.in, .travel.in, .tv.in, .uk.in, .up.in, .us.in, .school.in, .alumni.in, .ub.in | No nexus requirement for open zones; bank.in/fin.in limited to RBI-regulated entities. |
| .jp | Japan | Local presence required | Companies: .co.jp¹ (Companies registered in Japan, incl. registered foreign companies) Non-profits: .or.jp¹ (Foundations, associations, cooperatives, medical and other non-company corporations) Groups: .gr.jp¹ (Groups of 2+ Japan residents or Japanese corporations) Network operators: .ne.jp (One per network service, not per organisation), .ad.jp¹ (JPNIC members; rules set by JPNIC) Education: .ac.jp¹ (Universities and higher education), .ed.jp¹ (Schools mainly for under-18s) Government: .go.jp (National government agencies may hold several) Local government: .lg.jp (One per local government or per service) Regional: . Other: . | Japanese postal address required. Attribute-type SLDs limited to one per organisation, with exceptions. |
| .kg | Kyrgyzstan | Anyone | Government: .gov.kg (Kyrgyz state institutions only) Military: .mil.kg (Kyrgyz state institutions only) Open: .com.kg, .net.kg, .org.kg, .edu.kg (Offered by registry; eligibility not published) | Residents and foreign individuals or entities accepted; passport/ID or company data required. |
| .kh† | Cambodia | Local presence required | Companies: .com.kh (Name must match company or trademark) Non-profits: .org.kh Network operators: .net.kh Education: .edu.kh Government: .gov.kh Individuals: .per.kh | Cambodian company or trademark required; some registrars offer arrangements for foreign companies. |
| .kp† | North Korea | Local presence required | — | Reportedly limited to DPRK-based entities; unavailable via US registrars due to sanctions. |
| .kr | South Korea | Local presence required | Non-profits: .or.kr (Nonprofit corporations or organisations) Education: .ac.kr (Universities and graduate schools), .hs.kr (High schools), .ms.kr (Middle schools), .es.kr (Elementary schools), .kg.kr (Kindergartens), .sc.kr (Other educational/training institutes) Government: .go.kr (Administrative, legislative or judicial agencies) Military: .mil.kr Individuals: .pe.kr Regional: . Open: .co.kr, .ne.kr, .re.kr, .ai.kr (Available since March 2025), .io.kr (Available since March 2025), .it.kr (Available since March 2025), .me.kr (Available since March 2025) | Korean address required; local presence/trustee services offered by registrars. |
| .kz | Kazakhstan | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.kz (Registered legal entities) Network operators: .net.kz (Telecom/data-transmission licence required) Education: .edu.kz (Kazakhstan educational organisations) Government: .gov.kz Military: .mil.kz (Ministry of Defence bodies) Open: .com.kz | Any individual or legal entity; site hardware must be in Kazakhstan. |
| .la | Laos | Anyone | — | Open worldwide since 2000; marketed as a Los Angeles domain. |
| .lk | Sri Lanka | Anyone | Education: .sch.lk (Schools only; via SchoolNet), .ac.lk (Universities; via LEARN) Government: .gov.lk (Via LGII) Open: .com.lk, .org.lk, .edu.lk (Suggested for educational organisations), .hotel.lk, .web.lk | Local and foreign registrants accepted (different pricing); some categories need supporting letters. |
| .mm† | Myanmar | Not verified | — | Registrations reported suspended. |
| .mn† | Mongolia | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.mn Education: .edu.mn Government: .gov.mn | Registry policy: any legal entity or natural person over 18; no residency requirement. |
| .mo | Macao | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.mo (Macao-registered businesses or liberal professionals) Non-profits: .org.mo (Macao-registered associations) Network operators: .net.mo (Licensed Macao ISPs/telecom operators) Education: .edu.mo Government: .gov.mo | Macao-registered entities only; name must match entity, trademark or patent. |
| .mv† | Maldives | Anyone | — | Registry has no public website; SLDs such as com.mv and org.mv exist; eligibility not published. |
| .my | Malaysia | Anyone | Businesses: .com.my (Malaysian-registered company, business or other listed entity), .biz.my (Registered business or SME) Non-profits: .org.my (Same entity criteria as .com.my) Network operators: .net.my (Same entity criteria as .com.my) Education: .edu.my (Malaysian educational organisations) Government: .gov.my (Federal/state government bodies) Military: .mil.my Individuals: .name.my (Malaysians or foreigners resident in Malaysia) Regional: . Other: .coop.my (Co-operatives registered with SKM) | Direct .my open worldwide; most third-level categories need Malaysian registration. |
| .np | Nepal | Local presence required Second-level only | Education: .edu.np Government: .gov.np Military: .mil.np Individuals: .name.np Other: .coop.np (Cooperatives) Open: .com.np, .org.np, .net.np | Free; foreign firms need official Nepal presence; name must match registrant. |
| .ph† | Philippines | Anyone | Education: .edu.ph Government: .gov.ph Military: .mil.ph Open: .com.ph, .net.ph, .org.ph | Registry does not publish eligibility rules. |
| .pk | Pakistan | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.pk Network operators: .net.pk Education: .edu.pk (Accredited institutions), .ac.pk (No accreditation needed) Government: .gov.pk (Federal government) Local government: .gob.pk (Balochistan government), .gog.pk (Gilgit-Baltistan government), .gkp.pk (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government), .gop.pk (Punjab government), .gos.pk (Sindh government), .gok.pk (Azad Kashmir government) Individuals: .fam.pk (Families and individuals) Open: .com.pk, .biz.pk, .web.pk | Registrants outside Pakistan accepted at a separate USD price. |
| .sg | Singapore | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.sg (ACRA/Enterprise SG/professional body; foreign firms via local agent) Non-profits: .org.sg (Registry of Societies, town councils, places of worship, embassies) Network operators: .net.sg (IMDA licensees and hosting providers) Education: .edu.sg Government: .gov.sg | Foreign applicants must appoint a Singapore-based local agent as administrative contact. |
| .th | Thailand | Local presence required | Businesses: .co.th (Thai-registered firms/VAT/trademarks; foreign firms via Thai agent) Non-profits: .or.th Network operators: .net.th (Telecom licensees) Education: .ac.th Government: .go.th Military: .mi.th Open: .in.th (Thai-located entities, citizens or work-permit holders) | Direct .th opens only in limited registration rounds; Thai contact address required. |
| .tj | Tajikistan | Anyone | — | Residents get priority in disputes; no limit on number of domains. |
| .tl† | Timor-Leste | Anyone | Open: .com.tl, .net.tl, .org.tl | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; no local presence required. |
| .tm | Turkmenistan | Anyone | Open: .com.tm, .net.tm, .org.tm, .co.tm, .nom.tm | Second-level applicants may reside anywhere; third-level registrations limited to Turkmenistan residents. |
| .tw | Taiwan | Anyone | Companies: .com.tw (Registered companies/firms; foreign companies eligible) Non-profits: .org.tw (Foundations/associations; foreign non-profits eligible) Network operators: .net.tw (Licensed telecom/network operators) Individuals: .idv.tw Open: .game.tw, .club.tw, .ebiz.tw | Generic example.tw names have no applicant restrictions. |
| .uz | Uzbekistan | Anyone | Businesses: .com.uz (For commercial organisations), .co.uz (For commercial organisations) Non-profits: .org.uz Network operators: .net.uz (Internet development projects) Education: .edu.uz (Licensed educational institutions) Research: .ac.uz (Research institutions, universities, cultural institutions) Government: .gov.uz Individuals: .pp.uz Other: .int.uz (International organisations), .for.uz (Free names for ID.UZ PassportID users) | Regulation allows any legal or natural person as registrant; no residency rule stated. |
| .vn† | Vietnam | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.vn (Political, cultural and social organisations) Education: .edu.vn (Education and training activities) Research: .ac.vn Healthcare: .health.vn (Pharmaceutical and medical activities) Government: .gov.vn (Central and local state agencies) Individuals: .id.vn (Vietnamese citizens only) Regional: . Other: .int.vn (Vietnam-based international organisations) Open: .com.vn (Commercial activities), .biz.vn, .net.vn, .info.vn, .pro.vn (Highly specialised fields), .name.vn, .io.vn, .ai.vn | Foreigners register via overseas registrars; Vietnam-based registrants must use local registrars. ID documents required. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Oceania
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .as | American Samoa | Anyone | — | Registry agreement sets no residency requirement; domain must be actively used. |
| .au | Australia | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.au (Commercial entities; name must match or relate to business), .net.au (Commercial entities; same rules as com.au) Non-profits: .org.au, .asn.au (Includes unincorporated associations) Education: .edu.au (Includes state child zones, e.g. nsw.edu.au) Individuals: .id.au Regional: . | Australian presence required; an Australian trade mark allows exact-match names only. |
| .cc† | Cocos Islands | Anyone | — | — |
| .ck† | Cook Islands | Local presence required Second-level only | Businesses: .co.ck Non-profits: .org.ck Network operators: .net.ck Education: .edu.ck Government: .gov.ck | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars report local presence required. |
| .cx† | Christmas Island | Anyone | — | — |
| .fj† | Fiji | Not verified Second-level only | Education: .ac.fj (Eligibility not published), .edu.fj (New in 2025; eligibility not published), .school.fj (Separately delegated; for schools) Government: .gov.fj (Separately delegated) Military: .mil.fj (Eligibility not published) Other: .id.fj (New in 2025; eligibility not published) Open: .biz.fj, .com.fj, .info.fj, .name.fj, .net.fj, .org.fj, .pro.fj | Registry sells SLDs online but does not publish eligibility rules. |
| .fm | Micronesia | Anyone | — | Marketed globally; premium names priced higher. |
| .gu | Guam | Local presence required | — | Requires current Guam business licence and EIN; name should derive from company name. |
| .hm | Heard & McDonald Islands | Anyone | — | Open to persons and companies anywhere. |
| .ki | Kiribati | Anyone | Education: .edu.ki Government: .gov.ki Open: .com.ki, .org.ki, .net.ki, .biz.ki, .info.ki | Non-residents allowed at higher fees; content suitable for children required. |
| .mh† | Marshall Islands | Not verified | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrations reported suspended. |
| .mp | Northern Mariana Islands | Anyone | — | Second-level names only; registry agreement sets no residency requirement. |
| .nc | New Caledonia | Local presence required | Non-profits: .asso.nc (Associations listed in RIDET) Individuals: .nom.nc (Residents; firstname-surname format only) | NC-based entities in RIDET register (max 5 names) or residents 6+ months (1 name). |
| .nf† | Norfolk Island | Anyone | Open: .com.nf, .net.nf, .org.nf | Identifiable adult individuals or legal entities; no residency required. |
| .nr | Nauru | Anyone | Open: .com.nr, .net.nr, .org.nr, .biz.nr, .info.nr | Open to registrants from any country; no eligibility restrictions. |
| .nu | Niue | Anyone | — | Operated by the Swedish Internet Foundation; open to any identifiable person or entity. |
| .nz† | New Zealand | Anyone | Research: .cri.nz (Moderated; Crown Research Institutes) Healthcare: .health.nz (Moderated) Government: .govt.nz (Moderated) Military: .mil.nz (Moderated) Other: .iwi.nz (Moderated; iwi Māori organisations) Open: .co.nz, .net.nz, .org.nz, .ac.nz, .school.nz, .geek.nz, .gen.nz, .kiwi.nz, .maori.nz | Identifiable individuals 18+ or lawful entities; no residency required. |
| .pf† | French Polynesia | Local presence required | Education: .edu.pf Government: .gov.pf Open: .com.pf, .org.pf | Local company, association, resident or local trademark required. |
| .pg† | Papua New Guinea | Local presence required Second-level only | Companies: .com.pg¹ (PNG-incorporated company; name must match) | Registrars report local presence or PNG interest required; registry documents state no criteria. |
| .pn | Pitcairn | Anyone | Government: .gov.pn (Pitcairn Islands Administration only), .edu.pn (Pitcairn Islands Administration only) Open: .co.pn, .org.pn, .net.pn | No registrant restrictions apart from gov.pn and edu.pn. |
| .pw | Palau | Anyone | — | Marketed as ‘Open for All’ since 2013 general availability. |
| .sb† | Solomon Islands | Anyone | Education: .edu.sb Government: .gov.sb Open: .com.sb, .net.sb, .org.sb | Applications manually reviewed by the registry. |
| .tk† | Tokelau | Not open for registration | — | New registrations temporarily suspended; no reopening date announced. |
| .to | Tonga | Anyone | — | Offered globally through an automated registry. |
| .tv† | Tuvalu | Anyone | — | Commercially operated; open worldwide. |
| .vu† | Vanuatu | Anyone | Education: .edu.vu (Eligibility not published) Open: .com.vu, .net.vu, .org.vu | Registry terms set no residency rule; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .wf | Wallis & Futuna | Regional presence required | — | EU/EEA or Swiss residents and organisations; same rules as .fr. |
| .ws | Samoa | Anyone | Education: .edu.ws Government: .gov.ws Open: .com.ws, .net.ws, .org.ws | Anyone may register, regardless of location. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Europe
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .ad | Andorra | Anyone | — | Under the 2024 regulation, open to any person, first come, first served; Andorran public and geographic names reserved. |
| .al | Albania | Anyone | Companies: .com.al (Commercial companies based in Albania) Non-profits: .org.al (Albania-based associations) Network operators: .net.al (Albania-based network operators) Education: .edu.al (Albanian educational institutions; documents required) Government: .gov.al (Albanian state institutions) Military: .mil.al (Albanian Armed Forces) | Any person or entity worldwide; limit 5 domains (individuals) or 15 (businesses), must be used within a year. |
| .at | Austria | Anyone | Education: .ac.at (Universities and schools, via ACOnet) Government: .gv.at (Via Federal Chancellery) Open: .co.at, .or.at | — |
| .ax | Åland Islands | Anyone | — | Registry: anyone can register an .ax domain. |
| .ba† | Bosnia | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.ba (Associations, cultural and other non-profit bodies; documents required) Network operators: .net.ba (Licensed Internet service providers in BiH; documents required) Education: .edu.ba (Schools and BiH-registered education/training firms) Government: .gov.ba (All levels of government and state agencies) Military: .mil.ba Other: .com.ba (Separately delegated; registry rules do not apply) | Registry rules allow registered legal entities, adult individuals and international organisations in BiH; no residency stated. |
| .be | Belgium | Anyone | — | — |
| .bg | Bulgaria | Regional presence required | — | Bulgarian/EU persons and entities, or foreign firms with a Bulgarian branch. |
| .by | Belarus | Anyone | Government: .gov.by (State bodies; registered free by technical administrator) | Non-residents may register via foreign entities acting for an accredited registrar. |
| .ch† | Switzerland | Anyone | — | Swiss authorities may demand a Swiss correspondence address. |
| .cy | Cyprus | Anyone | Companies: .ltd.cy (Limited companies registered with Registrar of Companies), .biz.cy (Other companies registered with Registrar of Companies) Professions: .pro.cy Media: .press.cy Non-profits: .org.cy Network operators: .net.cy (Licensed network/electronic-communications providers) Education: .ac.cy (Academic and research institutions) Government: .gov.cy Military: .mil.cy (Ministry of Defence) Other: .tm.cy (EU-registered trademarks), .ekloges.cy (Election-related organisations and persons) Open: .com.cy | No Cyprus residence required. |
| .cz | Czechia | Anyone | — | Holders outside EU/EEA must give an EU/EEA contact address on CZ.NIC request. |
| .de | Germany | Anyone | — | Holders outside Germany must name a German service agent only on DENIC request. |
| .dk | Denmark | Anyone | — | Danish legal entities must give a CVR number; Danish residents undergo ID check. |
| .ee | Estonia | Anyone | Companies: .com.ee (Companies under the Estonian Commercial Code) Businesses: .fie.ee (Sole proprietors under the Commercial Code) Healthcare: .med.ee Individuals: .pri.ee | Open to all persons via an accredited registrar; identity is verified. |
| .es | Spain | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.es (Non-profit organisations, institutions, groups) Education: .edu.es (Education/research activity in Spain; prior verification) Government: .gob.es (Public bodies only; prior verification) Individuals: .nom.es (Individuals only) Open: .com.es (Individuals and private enterprises) | Anyone with links to Spain may apply from anywhere. |
| .eu | European Union | Regional presence required | — | EU/EEA citizens anywhere, EU/EEA residents, and organisations established in the EU/EEA. |
| .fi | Finland | Anyone | — | Companies, organisations and private persons regardless of domicile. |
| .fo | Faroe Islands | Anyone | — | Registry terms set no residency requirement; register directly at the registry. |
| .fr | France | Regional presence required | Government: .gouv.fr (French government; GIS approval required) | EU/EEA/Switzerland residents and entities. .com.fr, .asso.fr, .tm.fr closed since 2013. |
| .gb | UK | Not open for registration | — | Reserved; no registrations accepted. The UK uses .uk. |
| .ge | Georgia | Anyone | Businesses: .pvt.ge (Individual entrepreneurs) Network operators: .net.ge Education: .edu.ge (Schools and higher education institutions), .school.ge (Anyone engaged in educational activities) Government: .gov.ge (State and local self-government bodies) Open: .org.ge (Any legal entity), .com.ge, .llc.ge, .tnx.ge, .cyb.ge, .online.ge | Residents and non-residents may register; no limit on number of names. |
| .gg | Guernsey | Anyone | Open: .co.gg, .net.gg, .org.gg | No registrant restrictions; applications reviewed manually. |
| .gi | Gibraltar | Local presence required | Companies: .ltd.gi (Gibraltar limited companies; must match company name) Businesses: .com.gi (Commercial organisations; no documents required) Non-profits: .org.gi Education: .edu.gi Government: .gov.gi Military: .mod.gi (Gibraltar MOD departments) | For Gibraltar-based organisations. |
| .gr | Greece | Anyone | Businesses: .com.gr (Stated purpose; not pre-checked) Non-profits: .org.gr (Stated purpose; not pre-checked) Network operators: .net.gr (Stated purpose (ISPs); not pre-checked) Education: .edu.gr (Stated purpose; not pre-checked) Government: .gov.gr (Exclusively government; examined by EETT) | Domestic or foreign persons regardless of establishment. |
| .hr | Croatia | Regional presence required | Individuals: .from.hr (Free; Croatian residents or citizens; name-surname format) Open: .com.hr (Paid; all legal entities and natural persons) | Paid .hr: EU legal entities or EU citizens with Croatian PIN; free .hr (one each) for Croatian entities. |
| .hu | Hungary | Regional presence required | Government: .gov.hu (Public sector; applied for via NISZ Zrt) Other: .tm.hu (Applicant’s own trademark only) Open: .co.hu, .2000.hu, .agrar.hu, .bolt.hu, .casino.hu, .city.hu, .erotica.hu, .erotika.hu, .film.hu, .forum.hu, .games.hu, .hotel.hu, .info.hu, .ingatlan.hu, .jogasz.hu, .konyvelo.hu, .lakas.hu, .media.hu, .news.hu, .org.hu, .priv.hu, .reklam.hu, .sex.hu, .shop.hu, .sport.hu, .suli.hu, .szex.hu, .tozsde.hu, .utazas.hu, .video.hu | Direct .hu: EU/EEA/EFTA/Council of Europe or neighbours; SLDs open worldwide. Hungarian postal address required. |
| .ie | Ireland | Local presence required | — | Provable connection to island of Ireland required; foreign firms selling into Ireland qualify. |
| .im | Isle of Man | Anyone | — | No restriction on who may register; new registrations at second level (example.im) only. |
| .is | Iceland | Anyone | — | Open to foreigners; com/net/org/edu/gov/int.is reserved and not registrable. |
| .it | Italy | Regional presence required | Education: .edu.it (Italian public and accredited (paritaria) schools) Government: .gov.it (Central state administrations and national social security bodies) Regional: .<region|province|municipality>.it (Geographic SLDs listed in Regulation Appendices A-C) | Adults with citizenship, residence or seat in EEA, UK, Switzerland, San Marino or Vatican. |
| .je† | Jersey | Anyone | Open: .co.je, .net.je, .org.je (Free for Channel Islands charities and non-profits) | No restrictions on who may register; accurate identity required. |
| .li | Liechtenstein | Anyone | — | No local presence; Swiss correspondence-address rule applies only to .ch. |
| .lt | Lithuania | Anyone | — | Regulation forbids discrimination by citizenship or residence. |
| .lu | Luxembourg | Anyone | — | Individuals and companies may register; first come, first served. |
| .lv | Latvia | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.lv (Organisations) Groups: .asn.lv (Associations) Network operators: .net.lv (Electronic communications operators) Education: .edu.lv (Latvia-accredited institutions) Government: .gov.lv Military: .mil.lv Individuals: .id.lv (Latvian residents) Other: .conf.lv (Conference/exhibition organisers) Open: .com.lv | Foreign businesses and persons 18+ may register. |
| .mc | Monaco | Specific registrants only | — | Legal entities/organisations only; name must match trademark or company name. |
| .md | Moldova | Anyone | — | Rules allow persons and entities from outside Moldova. |
| .me† | Montenegro | Anyone | Companies: .co.me (Montenegro entities only) Non-profits: .org.me (Montenegro entities only) Network operators: .net.me (Montenegro entities only) Education: .edu.me, .ac.me Government: .gov.me Individuals: .its.me (Montenegrin individuals), .priv.me (Montenegro residents) | Second level open worldwide; third-level names only for Montenegrin individuals and entities. |
| .mk | North Macedonia | Anyone | Businesses: .com.mk (Companies, sole traders, registered businesses), .net.mk (Companies, sole traders, registered businesses), .inf.mk (Companies, sole traders, registered businesses) Non-profits: .org.mk (NGOs, foundations, parties, health institutions, embassies) Education: .edu.mk (Education and research entities) Government: .gov.mk (State bodies, public enterprises, municipalities) Other: .name.mk (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept) | Natural persons must be residents; companies from any country accepted. |
| .mt | Malta | Anyone | Businesses: .com.mt (Commercial entities; Maltese trade mark or business name) Non-profits: .org.mt Network operators: .net.mt Education: .edu.mt (Recognised by Malta Ministry of Education) Government: .gov.mt | Direct .mt since 2017; no Malta establishment required. |
| .nl | Netherlands | Anyone | — | Foreign registrants use SIDN’s office as legal domicile address. |
| .no | Norway | Local presence required | Education: .fhs.no (Folk high schools), .vgs.no (Upper secondary schools), .gs. Local government: .kommune.no, .herad.no, .gielda.no, .suohkan.no, .tjielte.no Individuals: .priv.no Regional: . Other: .fylkesbibl.no (County libraries), .folkebibl.no (Municipal libraries), .museum.no (Museums), .idrett.no (Sports organisations), .uenorge.no (Junior Achievement / student firms) | Brønnøysund-registered organisations (100 names) or residents 18+ (5 names); Norwegian address required. |
| .pl | Poland | Anyone | Regional: .<region/city>.pl (119 regional domains listed by NASK) Open: .agro.pl, .aid.pl, .atm.pl, .auto.pl, .biz.pl, .com.pl, .edu.pl, .gmina.pl, .gsm.pl, .info.pl, .mail.pl, .media.pl, .miasta.pl, .mil.pl, .net.pl, .nieruchomosci.pl, .nom.pl, .org.pl, .pc.pl, .powiat.pl, .priv.pl, .realestate.pl, .rel.pl, .sex.pl, .shop.pl, .sklep.pl, .sos.pl, .szkola.pl, .targi.pl, .tm.pl, .tourism.pl, .travel.pl, .turystyka.pl | NASK functional and regional SLDs are open; gov.pl is managed separately. |
| .pt | Portugal | Anyone | Government: .gov.pt (Registered via the competent public authority) Other: .org.pt (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept), .edu.pt (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept), .net.pt (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept), .int.pt (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept), .publ.pt (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept), .nome.pt (Closed to new registrations; existing names kept) Open: .com.pt | Open to anyone; 2026 rules (from 1 July 2026) cover only .pt, .com.pt and .gov.pt. |
| .ro | Romania | Anyone | Companies: .firm.ro Businesses: .com.ro (Commercial companies, products or services), .store.ro (Sellers of consumer goods) Non-profits: .org.ro Network operators: .nt.ro (Network/Internet businesses) Individuals: .nom.ro Other: .www.ro (Companies with World Wide Web activities), .info.ro (Information providers), .arts.ro (Artistic organisations), .rec.ro (Entertainment organisations), .tm.ro (Registered trademark holders) | Any natural or legal person regardless of country. |
| .rs | Serbia | Anyone | Businesses: .co.rs Non-profits: .org.rs Education: .edu.rs Research: .ac.rs (Academic and research network; delegated) Government: .gov.rs (Delegated) Individuals: .in.rs | Foreign individuals and companies accepted (passport / foreign registration number). |
| .ru | Russia | Anyone | — | Open to individuals and legal entities regardless of Russian residency. |
| .se | Sweden | Anyone | — | No Swedish residence required; foreign ID/registration number accepted. |
| .si | Slovenia | Anyone | — | No nationality or residency restriction in the general terms. |
| .sj | Svalbard & Jan Mayen | Not open for registration | — | Never opened for registration; Norwegian policy directs users to .no. |
| .sk | Slovakia | Regional presence required | — | Postal address required in EU, EEA, EFTA or UK. |
| .sm | San Marino | Anyone | — | Registry rules allow entities and individuals of any nationality. |
| .tr | Türkiye | Anyone | Professions: .av.tr (Lawyers; documents required), .dr.tr (Medical professionals; documents required) Education: .edu.tr (Higher education), .k12.tr (Primary/secondary schools) Government: .gov.tr, .pol.tr (Police) Local government: .bel.tr (Municipalities; documents required) Military: .tsk.tr (Turkish Armed Forces) Other: .kep.tr (Registered e-mail (KEP) service; documents required) Open: .com.tr (No documents since Sept 2022), .net.tr, .org.tr, .gen.tr, .web.tr, .biz.tr, .info.tr, .tv.tr, .tel.tr, .name.tr, .bbs.tr | Direct example.tr open first-come first-served since 2023 under TRABİS. |
| .ua | Ukraine | Specific registrants only | Regional: .<city/region>.ua (Some have extra rules, e.g. kyiv.ua, cherkasy.ua) Open: .com.ua, .org.ua | Direct example.ua requires a word trademark registered or protected in Ukraine matching the name. |
| .uk | UK | Anyone | Companies: .ltd.uk (UK private limited companies; name derived from company name), .plc.uk (UK public limited companies; name derived from company name) Network operators: .net.uk (ISPs with UK-reachable network; name matches applicant) Education: .sch.uk¹ (UK schools; one per school, school.area.sch.uk), .ac.uk (Higher/further education and research; run by Jisc) Healthcare: .nhs.uk (NHS bodies; run by NHS England) Government: .gov.uk (Run by Government Digital Service), .parliament.uk (UK Parliament only) Military: .mod.uk (Ministry of Defence), .mil.uk (Ministry of Defence) Individuals: .me.uk (Natural persons only) Open: .co.uk (Advisory: commercial use), .org.uk (Advisory: not-for-profit use) | No UK presence needed for .uk, .co.uk, .org.uk; ltd/plc/net/sch.uk still accept qualifying registrants. |
| .va† | Vatican City | Not open for registration | — | Reserved for Holy See institutions; no public registration. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Middle East
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .ae | United Arab Emirates | Anyone | Companies: .co.ae (UAE trade licence (free zones included) or UAE trademark) Non-profits: .org.ae (UAE-registered not-for-profit organisations) Network operators: .net.ae (UAE-licensed IT providers (free zones included) or IT trademark) Education: .ac.ae (UAE universities, colleges, academic institutions), .sch.ae (UAE public and private schools) Government: .gov.ae Military: .mil.ae | Restricted SLDs only via UAE-based accredited registrars; names must match registrant’s name or trademark. |
| .bh | Bahrain | Anyone | Businesses: .com.bh (Commercial registration or trademark; available globally), .biz.bh (Commercial registration or trademark), .cc.bh (Businesses registered in Bahrain) Non-profits: .org.bh (Organisations, authorities, clubs, charities) Network operators: .net.bh (Bahrain-registered telecom and IT providers) Education: .edu.bh (Institutions licensed by Bahrain Ministry of Education) Healthcare: .med.bh (Licensed medical services in Bahrain) Individuals: .name.bh (Bahraini citizens or residents), .me.bh (Bahraini citizens or residents) Other: .info.bh (Licensed information service providers in Bahrain) | Open to anyone worldwide; third-level zones require documents. |
| .il | Israel | Anyone | Education: .ac.il (Higher-education institutions recognised by Council for Higher Education), .k12.il (Schools and kindergartens) Government: .gov.il Local government: .muni.il Military: .idf.il Open: .co.il (Anyone, Israeli or foreign; intended for businesses), .org.il (Anyone, Israeli or foreign; intended for non-profits) | Anyone worldwide may register co.il and org.il; direct .il and other SLDs need threshold conditions. |
| .iq† | Iraq | Not verified | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars disagree on local presence or an Iraqi trademark. |
| .ir | Iran | Anyone | Companies: .co.ir (Registered commercial companies) Non-profits: .org.ir Network operators: .net.ir Education: .ac.ir (Academic bodies licensed by Iranian ministries), .sch.ir (Schools licensed by Ministry of Education) Government: .gov.ir Individuals: .id.ir (Iranian citizens or legal residents) | Persons outside Iran eligible if activity not in conflict with Iranian law. |
| .jo | Jordan | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.jo (Jordanian firms, sole traders, professionals; foreign trademark owners), .agri.jo (Agriculture-sector companies), .ai.jo (AI-sector companies) Professions: .eng.jo (Engineering firms and Jordanian Engineers Association members) Media: .tv.jo (TV channels), .fm.jo (Radio stations) Non-profits: .org.jo (Associations, NGOs, unions, clubs, parties, embassies) Network operators: .net.jo (Service providers, banks, medical/insurance networks) Education: .edu.jo (Universities, private schools, training centres), .sch.jo (Public and private schools) Government: .gov.jo (Ministries, agencies, municipalities) Military: .mil.jo (Armed forces and security services) Individuals: .per.jo (Jordanian citizens and residents), .phd.jo (PhD holders (Jordanians or residents)) Other: .enpr.jo (Startups and Jordanian entrepreneurs) | Jordanian entities, citizens or residents; foreign firms need an international trademark and authorisation. |
| .kw | Kuwait | Local presence required | Education: .edu.kw (Eligibility not published) Government: .gov.kw Open: .com.kw, .net.kw, .org.kw, .ind.kw (Eligibility not published) | Kuwaiti citizens/residents, licensed Kuwaiti NGOs, or holders of trade names/marks registered in Kuwait. |
| .lb | Lebanon | Local presence required Second-level only | Businesses: .com.lb (Registered business, trademark or private practice) Non-profits: .org.lb Network operators: .net.lb (Licensed Lebanese ISPs) Education: .edu.lb Government: .gov.lb | Lebanese postal address required; individuals not supported; no direct .lb registration. |
| .om† | Oman | Specific registrants only | Companies: .co.om (Commercial registration required), .com.om (Commercial registration required) Other: .net.om (Listed by TRA; eligibility not published), .org.om (Listed by TRA; eligibility not published), .edu.om (Listed by TRA; eligibility not published), .gov.om (Listed by TRA; eligibility not published), .museum.om (Listed by TRA; eligibility not published), .me.om (Listed by TRA; eligibility not published) | Commercial registration needed; foreign companies accepted since Dec 2025, trademark no longer required. |
| .ps† | Palestine | Anyone | Businesses: .com.ps (Commercial entities) Non-profits: .org.ps Network operators: .net.ps Education: .edu.ps Government: .gov.ps (Palestinian National Authority), .plo.ps (PLO institutions), .sec.ps (PNA security organisations) | Local presence rules not published. |
| .qa | Qatar | Anyone | Companies: .com.qa (Companies/businesses registered in Qatar) Non-profits: .org.qa (Non-profit institutions in Qatar) Network operators: .net.qa (Qatar-registered ICT companies and providers) Education: .edu.qa, .sch.qa (Schools in Qatar) Government: .gov.qa Military: .mil.qa Individuals: .name.qa (Citizens or residents of Qatar) | Direct .qa and Arabic .قطر open to all; SLDs require Qatar registration. |
| .sa | Saudi Arabia | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.sa (Saudi commercial registration or Saudi-registered trademark) Non-profits: .org.sa Network operators: .net.sa (Licensed ISPs, IT, telecom, media, postal) Education: .edu.sa, .sch.sa (K-12 schools licensed by Ministry of Education) Healthcare: .med.sa Government: .gov.sa Individuals: .pub.sa | Requires Saudi presence, nationality/Premium Residency, local licence, or Saudi-registered trademark. |
| .sy† | Syria | Local presence required | — | Foreigners reportedly register via a local agent with legalised documents. |
| .ye† | Yemen | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.ye Non-profits: .org.ye Network operators: .net.ye Government: .gov.ye | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; local presence and a Yemeni admin contact reportedly required. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Africa
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .ac | Ascension Island | Anyone | — | Applicants may reside in any jurisdiction. |
| .ao† | Angola | Anyone | Businesses: .co.ao (Eligibility not published) Non-profits: .org.ao (Eligibility not published) Education: .edu.ao (Eligibility not published) Government: .gov.ao Other: .it.ao (Historically for foreign persons and companies) | Any person may apply; applications are reviewed against trademarks and national interest, taking up to 96 hours. |
| .bf | Burkina Faso | Anyone | Businesses: .com.bf (Commercial businesses or traders; RCCM or ID plus proof) Professions: .art.bf (Culture and arts professionals) Non-profits: .org.bf (NGOs and associations) Network operators: .net.bf (ICT businesses and professionals) Education: .univ.bf (Higher education and scientific research), .edu.bf (Schools and vocational training) Government: .gov.bf (Burkina Faso public administrations) Individuals: .perso.bf | Any natural or legal person, regardless of nationality or residence; sector SLDs need supporting documents. |
| .bi† | Burundi | Anyone | — | Open to all individuals and entities; foreign entities need no local contact. |
| .bj | Benin | Anyone | Companies: .com.bj (Commercial companies) Businesses: .assur.bj (Insurance companies), .tourism.bj (Tourism companies and bodies), .hotels.bj (Hotels), .resto.bj (Restaurants), .agro.bj (Agriculture and agribusiness companies), .loisirs.bj (Leisure and entertainment businesses) Professions: .architectes.bj (Architecture firms), .avocats.bj (Law firms) Media: .info.bj (Press, radio and television), .media.bj (Prior authorisation required) Non-profits: .org.bj (NGOs, non-profits, associations) Network operators: .net.bj (Public telecom network operators) Education: .edu.bj (Primary and secondary schools), .univ.bj (Universities) Healthcare: .santé.bj Government: .gouv.bj (Via state-designated body) Military: .mil.bj (Prior authorisation required) Individuals: .nom.bj Other: .econo.bj (Companies or institutions in economics), .eco.bj (Companies or institutions in ecology) | Naming charter sets no nationality or residence condition; the registrar may act as administrative contact. |
| .bw† | Botswana | Local presence required Second-level only | Businesses: .co.bw (Commercial entities), .shop.bw (Licensed shops in Botswana), .agric.bw (Agricultural companies) Non-profits: .org.bw Education: .ac.bw (Academic institutions) Government: .gov.bw Individuals: .me.bw (Personal names) Other: .net.bw (Same rules as co.bw and gov.bw) | Organisations need a Botswana company registration certificate; non-citizens may use passport. Direct .bw closed. |
| .cd† | Congo - Kinshasa | Not verified | — | Registry now operated by SCPT; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .cf† | Central African Republic | Not open for registration | — | Formerly offered free; that programme ended in 2024 and no current registration channel is published. |
| .cg† | Congo - Brazzaville | Anyone | — | Non-local registrants accepted conditionally via a registrar; Congolese citizens and entities register through ARPCE. |
| .ci† | Côte d’Ivoire | Anyone | Businesses: .co.ci (Commercial enterprises) Non-profits: .org.ci Network operators: .net.ci (Internet service providers) Education: .edu.ci Government: .gov.ci Open: .com.ci | Foreigners eligible; foreign brands may need local presence or activity. |
| .cm | Cameroon | Anyone | Businesses: .com.cm (Commercial entities) Network operators: .net.cm (Network services and ISPs) Education: .edu.cm (Universities and training institutions) Government: .gov.cm | Open to applicants with or without Cameroonian residence. |
| .cv† | Cape Verde | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.cv Education: .edu.cv Government: .gov.cv Open: .com.cv | Domain must match the registrant’s name or trademark. |
| .dj† | Djibouti | Not verified | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .dz | Algeria | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.dz (Commercial entities) Non-profits: .org.dz (Non-governmental, non-commercial organisations), .asso.dz (Approved associations) Network operators: .net.dz (Entities active in the Internet field) Education: .edu.dz Government: .gov.dz Individuals: .soc.dz (Algerian residents owning trademarks, no trade activity) Other: .tm.dz (Foreign holders of trademarks protected in Algeria), .pol.dz (Political parties), .art.dz (Arts) | Entities established or legally represented in Algeria, or Algerian residents; name must match registered name/trademark. |
| .eg | Egypt | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.eg (Commercial registry; foreign firms need trademark and local representative), .net.eg (IT services sector; same documents as .com.eg), .info.eg (Same documents as .com.eg) Media: .tv.eg (Broadcasters) Non-profits: .org.eg Education: .edu.eg (Universities and education bodies), .ac.eg (Private institutes, academies, schools) Research: .sci.eg (Affiliation with Ministry of Higher Education) Government: .gov.eg Military: .mil.eg Individuals: .me.eg (Individuals; national ID or passport), .name.eg (Individuals; national ID or passport) Other: .sport.eg (Sports entities) | Foreign entities need a trademark valid in Egypt and a local representative. |
| .er† | Eritrea | Not open for registration | — | No public registration channel; not available through registrars. |
| .et† | Ethiopia | Not verified | Education: .edu.et Government: .gov.et Other: .com.et (Eligibility not published), .net.et (Eligibility not published), .org.et (Eligibility not published), .tv.et (Eligibility not published) | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .ga† | Gabon | Anyone | — | Run by ANINF since 2023, which states .ga stays open worldwide; current policy not published. |
| .gh | Ghana | Local presence required | Companies: .com.gh (Ghana company registration documents) Businesses: .biz.gh Non-profits: .org.gh (Organisations) Network operators: .net.gh (Commercial or network entities) Education: .edu.gh (Closed SLD; membership proof) Government: .gov.gh (Closed SLD) Military: .mil.gh (Closed SLD) Individuals: .idi.gh (National ID required) | Registrant and admin contact must be registered/resident in Ghana. |
| .gm | Gambia | Anyone | — | Local and international applicants need a legitimate purpose or connection; all requests reviewed. |
| .gn | Guinea | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.gn (Commercial entities) Non-profits: .org.gn Network operators: .net.gn Education: .edu.gn (Degree-granting institutions) Government: .gov.gn | Organisation and admin contact must be located in Guinea. |
| .gq† | Equatorial Guinea | Anyone | — | Formerly offered free; registry states any individual or entity may register; current operation unclear. |
| .gw | Guinea-Bissau | Anyone | — | Any person regardless of nationality or seat; name must match registrant’s name or trademark. |
| .ke | Kenya | Anyone | Education: .ac.ke (Higher education; documents required), .sc.ke (Primary/secondary schools; documents required) Government: .go.ke (Supporting documents required) Open: .co.ke (Intended for companies), .or.ke (Intended for non-profits), .ne.ke (Intended for network devices), .me.ke (Personal names), .mobi.ke, .info.ke | Any company or individual can register via accredited registrars. |
| .km | Comoros | Local presence required | Education: .edu.km (Stricter eligibility applies) Government: .gouv.km (Stricter eligibility applies) Open: .co.km, .org.km | Comorian nationals or companies registered in Comoros; manual processing by ANADEN. |
| .lr | Liberia | Local presence required | — | Organisations with real presence in Liberia only; email application form. |
| .ls† | Lesotho | Anyone | Government: .gov.ls (Lesotho government organisations only) Open: .co.ls, .org.ls | Any person, company or organisation may register. |
| .ly | Libya | Anyone | Companies: .plc.ly (State-owned companies) Businesses: .com.ly (Commercial entities, trade names/marks) Non-profits: .org.ly Network operators: .net.ly Education: .edu.ly, .sch.ly (Schools and kindergartens) Healthcare: .med.ly Government: .gov.ly Open: .id.ly (Entities or individuals not fitting other SLDs) | Direct names under 4 characters require local presence. |
| .ma† | Morocco | Local presence required | Companies: .co.ma Media: .press.ma Non-profits: .org.ma Network operators: .net.ma Education: .ac.ma Government: .gov.ma | Foreign registrants must appoint a Morocco-based representative; registrars commonly provide one. |
| .mg | Madagascar | Anyone | Businesses: .com.mg (Commercial entities), .co.mg (Commercial entities) Non-profits: .org.mg (Organisations and associations) Education: .edu.mg Government: .gov.mg Military: .mil.mg Individuals: .nom.mg Other: .tm.mg (Trademarks), .prd.mg (Development projects) | Natural or legal persons; applicants may reside abroad. SLDs are descriptive categories. |
| .ml† | Mali | Anyone | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; no local presence required. |
| .mr | Mauritania | Local presence required | Non-profits: .org.mr (Established in Mauritania) Education: .edu.mr Government: .gov.mr Individuals: .perso.mr | Residents, Mauritanians abroad, local entities, or foreign firms with a mark covering Mauritania. |
| .mu† | Mauritius | Anyone | — | Adult individuals or legal entities; no local presence requirement. |
| .mw | Malawi | Anyone | Government: .gov.mw Open: .ac.mw (Recommended for academic institutions), .biz.mw (Recommended for businesses), .co.mw (Recommended for commercial organisations), .com.mw (Recommended for commercial organisations), .coop.mw (Recommended for cooperatives), .edu.mw (Recommended for higher education), .int.mw (Recommended for treaty organisations), .net.mw (Recommended for network organisations), .org.mw (Recommended for non-profits) | Any person, company or organisation; only gov.mw is restricted. |
| .mz† | Mozambique | Anyone Second-level only | Education: .ac.mz Government: .gov.mz Open: .co.mz, .org.mz | Third-level only: co.mz, org.mz, gov.mz, ac.mz. Local presence rules not published. |
| .na† | Namibia | Anyone | Education: .edu.na (Eligibility not published), .school.na (Eligibility not published) Open: .com.na, .co.na, .org.na, .net.na, .alt.na, .info.na, .cc.na | Open to Namibian and foreign applicants; foreigners pay higher fees. |
| .ne† | Niger | Not verified | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .ng | Nigeria | Anyone | Education: .edu.ng (Degree-awarding tertiary institutions), .sch.ng¹ (Approved primary/secondary schools) Government: .gov.ng (Federal, state and local government) Military: .mil.ng Open: .com.ng, .org.ng, .net.ng, .name.ng (Intended for personal names), .mobi.ng, .i.ng | NiRA policy imposes no status restriction on .ng and open SLDs. |
| .re | Réunion | Regional presence required | — | Individuals resident or companies established in EU/EEA or Switzerland. |
| .rw | Rwanda | Anyone | Businesses: .co.rw (Commercial entities) Network operators: .net.rw (Network infrastructure and providers) Education: .ac.rw (Restricted; official authority sponsorship needed) Government: .gov.rw (Restricted; not available to the public) Other: .org.rw (Miscellaneous organisations), .coop.rw (Cooperatives per RCA regulations) | Liberal registration policy; no local presence requirement stated. |
| .sc† | Seychelles | Anyone | Education: .edu.sc Government: .gov.sc Open: .com.sc, .net.sc, .org.sc | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; no local presence required. |
| .sd† | Sudan | Anyone | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; some registrars report local presence required. |
| .sl | Sierra Leone | Anyone | Education: .edu.sl (Local educational organisations or local representation) Government: .gov.sl (Authorisation letter from Ministry of Information) Open: .com.sl, .net.sl (Network use encouraged, not enforced), .org.sl (Non-profit use encouraged, not enforced) | Direct .sl and .com.sl fully open for registration. |
| .sn | Senegal | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.sn (Associations; specific conditions apply) Education: .edu.sn (Specific conditions apply), .univ.sn (Schools and universities) Government: .gouv.sn Open: .com.sn (Charter targets companies; registry says open to all) | Anyone, resident or not, may register .sn or .com.sn via an accredited registrar; Senegalese courts have jurisdiction. |
| .so† | Somalia | Not verified | Education: .edu.so (Accredited education providers) Government: .gov.so (Federal Government of Somalia) Regional: . Open: .com.so, .net.so, .org.so, .me.so | Registry (SONIC) lists open SLDs but does not publish residency rules; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .ss | South Sudan | Anyone | Companies: .com.ss Non-profits: .org.ss Network operators: .net.ss Education: .edu.ss (Higher education; documents required), .sch.ss (Primary/secondary schools; documents required) Government: .gov.ss (Supporting documents required) Individuals: .me.ss | No trade licence or local base needed. |
| .st† | São Tomé & Príncipe | Anyone | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars apply no restrictions. |
| .sz | Eswatini | Local presence required Second-level only | Companies: .co.sz Non-profits: .org.sz Education: .ac.sz Government: .gov.sz (Delegated to and managed by Government) | Applicant organisation must legally exist in Eswatini; no direct .sz registrations. |
| .td† | Chad | Anyone | Companies: .com.td Businesses: .tourism.td (Tourism operators) Media: .info.td (Information providers) Non-profits: .org.td Network operators: .net.td (Telecom operators) Education: .edu.td Healthcare: .sante.td Other: .nat.td (Public enterprises) | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; a local connection is reportedly required. |
| .tg | Togo | Local presence required | — | Also open to Togolese abroad and holders of WIPO/OAPI/INPIT-registered trademarks. |
| .tn | Tunisia | Local presence required | Companies: .com.tn (Commercial companies), .ind.tn (Industrial companies, chambers of commerce) Businesses: .fin.tn (Banks, financial institutions, insurers), .tourism.tn (Tourism-sector companies and bodies) Media: .info.tn (Press, TV and radio) Non-profits: .org.tn (Non-profits and associations) Network operators: .net.tn (Telecom operators and networks) Education: .ens.tn (Private education establishments), .edunet.tn (Public primary/secondary schools, education ministry), .rnu.tn (Higher education institutions), .turen.tn (Higher education and research) Research: .rnrt.tn Healthcare: .rns.tn (Public health ministry structures) Government: .nat.tn (National companies, institutes, offices, agencies), .gov.tn (Ministries, governorates, municipalities, Tunisian embassies), .agrinet.tn (Agriculture ministry, agricultural research/education) Military: .defense.tn (Defence ministry structures/projects) Individuals: .perso.tn Other: .intl.tn (International organisations, foreign embassies, NGOs) | Tunisian legal entities, trademark holders registered in Tunisia, or Tunisian nationals/residents. |
| .tz | Tanzania | Anyone | Education: .ac.tz (Accredited tertiary academic or technical institutions), .sc.tz (Elementary, primary and secondary schools) Government: .go.tz (Tanzania government entities) Military: .mil.tz (Tanzania military entities) Open: .co.tz (Any entity, incl. companies), .or.tz (Intended for non-profits; listed as open), .ne.tz (Intended for networks; listed as open), .me.tz (Intended for individuals), .tv.tz (Intended for content creators and TV), .info.tz, .hotel.tz (Intended for hospitality providers), .mobi.tz (Intended for mobile service providers) | Open via TCRA-accredited registrars; regulations set no residency rule; direct example.tz is a premium tier for registered entities. |
| .ug† | Uganda | Anyone | Non-profits: .or.ug Network operators: .ne.ug Education: .ac.ug, .edu.ug (Eligibility not published), .sc.ug (Schools) Government: .go.ug, .gov.ug Military: .mil.ug Other: .us.ug (Eligibility not published) Open: .co.ug, .com.ug, .org.ug | No local presence required; SLD eligibility not published. |
| .yt | Mayotte | Regional presence required | — | EU/EEA or Swiss residents and organisations; same rules as .fr. |
| .za | South Africa | Anyone Second-level only | Government: .gov.za Open: .co.za, .org.za, .net.za, .web.za | No general ban on non-South Africans; registrants accept South African jurisdiction. |
| .zm† | Zambia | Not verified | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules. |
| .zw | Zimbabwe | Anyone Second-level only | Businesses: .co.zw (Commercial organisations; ID or incorporation certificate required) Education: .ac.zw | Non-Zimbabwean organisations may apply directly to ZISPA; applications are vetted. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
North America
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .bm | Bermuda | Local presence required | Open: .com.bm, .net.bm, .org.bm | Bermuda-registered businesses and residents only. |
| .ca | Canada | Local presence required | — | Canadian Presence Requirements apply; non-Canadian owners of Canadian trademarks may register names containing the mark. |
| .gl† | Greenland | Anyone | Other: .edu.gl (Eligibility not published) Open: .co.gl, .com.gl, .net.gl, .org.gl | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars report no residency requirement. |
| .pm | St. Pierre & Miquelon | Regional presence required | — | Individuals resident or companies established in EU/EEA or Switzerland. |
| .us | US | Local presence required | Regional: . | US Nexus required: US citizens/residents, US organisations, or foreign entities with bona fide US presence. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Latin America and the Caribbean
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .ag | Antigua & Barbuda | Anyone | Open: .co.ag, .com.ag, .net.ag, .org.ag, .nom.ag | Open to any person or company from any country. |
| .ai† | Anguilla | Anyone | Open: .com.ai, .net.ai, .off.ai, .org.ai | No eligibility restrictions published. |
| .ar | Argentina | Anyone | Businesses: .tur.ar (Tourism activity; prior NIC Argentina authorisation), .seg.ar (Insurance sales/promotion; prior NIC Argentina authorisation), .senasa.ar (Sellers validated by SENASA), .bet.ar (Licensed online gambling operators) Professions: .musica.ar (Musicians and groups registered with INAMU) Non-profits: .org.ar (Non-profit legal persons, Argentine or foreign) Government: .gob.ar (National, provincial and municipal government) Military: .mil.ar (Argentine Armed Forces) Other: .coop.ar (Cooperatives registered with INAES), .mutual.ar (Mutual associations registered with INAES), .int.ar (Foreign missions and international organisations in Argentina) Open: .com.ar, .net.ar | Non-residents can register after validating identity with NIC Argentina (notarised, apostilled documents). |
| .aw† | Aruba | Local presence required | — | Registrant must be registered in Aruba; registrars offer trustee service. |
| .bb† | Barbados | Local presence required | — | Local presence required; apply by form to the Telecommunications Unit. |
| .bo | Bolivia | Anyone | Education: .edu.bo (Universities and educational institutions; documents required) Government: .gob.bo (All levels of Bolivian government; official letter) Military: .mil.bo (Bolivian Armed Forces; official letter) Other: .int.bo (Embassies, consulates, international organisations) Open: .com.bo, .net.bo, .org.bo, .web.bo, .tv.bo, .academia.bo (Social-interest zone), .agro.bo (Social-interest zone), .arte.bo (Social-interest zone), .blog.bo (Social-interest zone), .bolivia.bo (Social-interest zone), .ciencia.bo (Social-interest zone), .cooperativa.bo (Social-interest zone), .democracia.bo (Social-interest zone), .deporte.bo (Social-interest zone), .ecologia.bo (Social-interest zone), .economia.bo (Social-interest zone), .empresa.bo (Social-interest zone), .ia.bo (Social-interest zone), .indigena.bo (Social-interest zone), .industria.bo (Social-interest zone), .info.bo (Social-interest zone), .medicina.bo (Social-interest zone), .movimiento.bo (Social-interest zone), .musica.bo (Social-interest zone), .natural.bo (Social-interest zone), .nombre.bo (Social-interest zone), .noticias.bo (Social-interest zone), .patria.bo (Social-interest zone), .politica.bo (Social-interest zone), .profesional.bo (Social-interest zone), .plurinacional.bo (Social-interest zone), .pueblo.bo (Social-interest zone), .revista.bo (Social-interest zone), .salud.bo (Social-interest zone), .tecnologia.bo (Social-interest zone), .tksat.bo (Social-interest zone), .transporte.bo (Social-interest zone), .wiki.bo (Social-interest zone) | Any natural (adult) or legal person, Bolivian or foreign; restricted SLDs need official letters. |
| .br | Brazil | Local presence required Second-level only | Companies: .agr.br (CNPJ required), .esp.br (CNPJ required), .etc.br (CNPJ required), .far.br (CNPJ required), .imb.br (CNPJ required), .ind.br (CNPJ required), .inf.br (CNPJ required), .rec.br (CNPJ required), .srv.br (CNPJ required), .tmp.br (CNPJ required), .tur.br (CNPJ required) Businesses: .emp.br (Micro and small businesses; only via listed public providers) Professions: .adm.br (Administrators; CPF), .adv.br (Lawyers; CPF), .arq.br (Architects; CPF), .ato.br (Actors; CPF), .bib.br (Librarians; CPF), .bio.br (Biologists; CPF), .bmd.br (Biomedics; CPF), .cim.br (Brokers; CPF), .cng.br (Scenographers; CPF), .cnt.br (Accountants; CPF), .coz.br (Gastronomy professionals; CPF), .des.br (Designers; CPF), .det.br (Private investigators; CPF), .ecn.br (Economists; CPF), .enf.br (Nursing professionals; CPF), .eng.br (Engineers; CPF), .eti.br (IT specialists; CPF), .fnd.br (Speech therapists; CPF), .fot.br (Photographers; CPF), .fst.br (Physiotherapists; CPF), .geo.br (Geologists; CPF), .ggf.br (Geographers; CPF), .jor.br (Journalists; CPF), .lel.br (Auctioneers; CPF), .leilao.br (Auctioneers; CPF), .mat.br (Mathematicians and statisticians; CPF), .med.br (Physicians; CPF), .mus.br (Musicians; CPF), .not.br (Notaries; CPF), .ntr.br (Nutritionists; CPF), .odo.br (Dentists; CPF), .ppg.br (Advertising professionals; CPF), .pro.br (Teachers; CPF), .psc.br (Psychologists; CPF), .rep.br (Sales representatives; CPF), .slg.br (Sociologists; CPF), .taxi.br (Taxi drivers; CPF), .teo.br (Theologians; CPF), .trd.br (Translators; CPF), .vet.br (Veterinarians; CPF), .zlg.br (Zoologists; CPF) Media: .tv.br (Broadcasting companies), .am.br (Radio broadcasters; documentation required), .fm.br (Radio broadcasters; documentation required), .radio.br (Audio streaming companies; documentation required) Non-profits: .org.br (Non-profit institutions; documentation required), .ong.br (NGOs; CPF or CNPJ; documentation required) Network operators: .psi.br (Internet service providers; documentation required) Education: .edu.br (Higher-education institutions), .g12.br (Primary and secondary schools) Government: .gov.br (Federal government), .def.br (Public defenders’ offices), .jus.br (Judiciary), .leg.br (Legislature), .mp.br (Public prosecutors), .tc.br (Courts of accounts) Military: .mil.br (Brazilian Armed Forces) Individuals: .nom.br (Natural persons (CPF)), .blog.br (CPF only), .flog.br (CPF only), .vlog.br (CPF only), .wiki.br (CPF only) Regional: . Other: .b.br (Banks; DNSSEC mandatory), .bet.br (Licensed fixed-odds betting operators), .coop.br (Cooperatives; documentation required), .qsl.br (Radio amateurs; CPF only) Open: .com.br (CPF or CNPJ), .net.br (CPF or CNPJ), .art.br (CPF or CNPJ), .eco.br (CPF or CNPJ), .log.br (CPF or CNPJ), .app.br (CPF or CNPJ), .dev.br (CPF or CNPJ), .seg.br (CPF or CNPJ), .tec.br (CPF or CNPJ), .api.br (CPF or CNPJ), .ia.br (CPF or CNPJ), .social.br (CPF or CNPJ), .xyz.br (CPF or CNPJ) | Requires CPF or CNPJ; foreign firms may use a Brazilian procurador. No direct .br registration. |
| .bs | Bahamas | Anyone | Education: .edu.bs (Bahamian educational institutions or those present in Bahamas) Government: .gov.bs (Bahamas Government ministries and agencies) Open: .com.bs, .net.bs, .org.bs | No physical presence in The Bahamas required. |
| .bz† | Belize | Anyone | Open: .com.bz, .net.bz, .co.bz, .org.bz | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars apply no restrictions. |
| .cl | Chile | Anyone | — | Any natural or legal person, Chilean or foreign; administrative contact required. |
| .co | Colombia | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.co (Colombian non-profits or residents in Colombia) Education: .edu.co (Colombian education-sector institutions) Government: .gov.co (Colombian State entities) Military: .mil.co (Colombian Armed Forces units) Open: .com.co, .net.co, .nom.co | Restricted SLDs registered via registry portal registrocolombia.co with supporting documents. |
| .cr | Costa Rica | Anyone | Businesses: .co.cr (Persons or entities engaged in commercial activity) Non-profits: .or.cr (Associations and NGOs) Education: .ac.cr (Universities and research institutions), .ed.cr (Pre-university schools) Healthcare: .sa.cr (Health-sector entities) Government: .go.cr Other: .fi.cr (Regulated financial entities) | Foreign entities may use restricted SLDs only with a Costa Rican seat or representative. |
| .cu | Cuba | Specific registrants only | Companies: .com.cu (For-profit legal entities) Non-profits: .org.cu Network operators: .net.cu (Public telecom providers) Education: .edu.cu Government: .gob.cu Individuals: .nat.cu (Residents of Cuba) Other: .inf.cu (Scientific information and content providers) | Cuban and foreign legal entities; natural persons must reside in Cuba. |
| .cw | Curaçao | Local presence required | Education: .edu.cw (Recognised local education entities) Open: .com.cw (Available to entities not based on the island), .net.cw (Available to entities not based on the island) | Proof of official presence in Curaçao (e.g. Chamber of Commerce) required for .cw. |
| .dm | Dominica | Anyone | Education: .edu.dm (Accredited institutions in Dominica) Government: .gov.dm (Government of Dominica) Open: .co.dm | Banking, crypto, e-commerce, fintech, insurance and gaming names not accepted. |
| .do | Dominican Republic | Anyone | Government: .gob.do (Dominican government institutions only), .gov.do (Dominican government institutions only) Military: .mil.do (Dominican military institutions only) Open: .com.do (Intended for commercial entities), .edu.do (Intended for education/research), .net.do (Intended for network providers), .org.do (Intended for non-profits), .web.do, .art.do, .sld.do (Intended for health institutions) | Non-government SLDs open to any person or sector. |
| .ec | Ecuador | Anyone | Professions: .abg.ec (Lawyers only), .vet.ec (Veterinarians and clinics only), .chef.ec (Certified chefs only) Non-profits: .org.ec Education: .edu.ec, .k12.ec (Schools) Healthcare: .med.ec Government: .gob.ec Military: .mil.ec Regional: .uio.ec / .gye.ec / .gal.ec / .cue.ec / .rio.ec (City/region names, open to anyone) Other: .fin.ec (Financial institutions only) Open: .com.ec, .net.ec, .info.ec, .tech.ec | Commercial and local extensions have no special requirements. |
| .fk† | Falkland Islands | Local presence required Second-level only | Businesses: .co.fk Non-profits: .org.fk Network operators: .net.fk Education: .ac.fk Government: .gov.fk Individuals: .nom.fk | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrations reported suspended. |
| .gd | Grenada | Anyone | — | Geographic names need consent of the relevant authority. |
| .gf† | French Guiana | Anyone | — | Registry sells only to professional account holders; terms accept any natural or legal person. |
| .gp | Guadeloupe | Anyone | Other: .edu.gp (Eligibility not published), .asso.gp (Eligibility not published), .org.gp (Eligibility not published) Open: .com.gp, .net.gp | Persons or corporate bodies anywhere; separate international pricing. |
| .gt | Guatemala | Anyone | Education: .edu.gt (Proof of recognition required) Government: .gob.gt Military: .mil.gt Open: .ind.gt (For personal names), .com.gt, .org.gt, .net.gt | Open to national and international registrants at different fees. |
| .gy† | Guyana | Anyone | Education: .edu.gy (Accredited educational institutions in Guyana) Government: .gov.gy (Government of Guyana bodies only) Open: .co.gy, .com.gy, .org.gy, .net.gy | Anyone can register; no residency requirement. |
| .hn† | Honduras | Anyone | — | Registry policies set no explicit residency rule; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .ht† | Haiti | Anyone | — | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars disagree on local presence. |
| .jm† | Jamaica | Anyone Second-level only | Education: .edu.jm Government: .gov.jm Military: .mil.jm Open: .com.jm, .net.jm, .org.jm | Registry has no public website; applications processed manually. Open SLDs: com.jm, net.jm, org.jm. |
| .kn | St. Kitts & Nevis | Anyone | Government: .gov.kn Open: .com.kn (Intended for companies and businesses), .edu.kn (Listed as open by the registry) | Direct .kn, com.kn and edu.kn open; no residency rule stated. |
| .ky | Cayman Islands | Anyone | Government: .gov.ky (Cayman Islands Government) Open: .com.ky | Open worldwide since 2 September 2015; earlier Cayman residents/companies only. |
| .lc | St. Lucia | Anyone | Education: .edu.lc (Local educational institutions only) Government: .gov.lc (Local government only) Open: .com.lc, .net.lc, .org.lc (Free for local nonprofits), .co.lc, .l.lc, .p.lc | Available worldwide. |
| .mq† | Martinique | Anyone | — | Registry terms cover any natural or legal person; service targets professional clients. |
| .ms | Montserrat | Anyone | Education: .edu.ms (Local Montserrat educational institutions) Government: .gov.ms (Local Montserrat government bodies) Open: .com.ms, .net.ms, .org.ms | Direct .ms, com.ms, net.ms and org.ms open to registrants worldwide. |
| .mx | Mexico | Anyone | Non-profits: .org.mx Network operators: .net.mx (Registered telecom providers) Education: .edu.mx (SEP-registered or CONACYT research entities) Government: .gob.mx Open: .com.mx | No nationality or local presence requirement for .mx/.com.mx. |
| .ni† | Nicaragua | Local presence required | Companies: .co.ni (Corporations; RUC and registered statutes) Businesses: .com.ni (RUC and proof of commercial activity) Media: .tv.ni (Media licence, TELCOR registration) Non-profits: .org.ni (Registered non-profit (OSFL number)) Network operators: .net.ni (TELCOR authorisation) Education: .edu.ni (MINED/INATEC/CNU authorisation) Government: .gob.ni Other: .int.ni (International organisations and embassies), .ac.ni (Offered; requirements not published) | Nicaraguan ID (cédula) or RUC requested; foreign registrants accepted in practice. |
| .pa† | Panama | Anyone | Businesses: .com.pa Professions: .abo.pa (Lawyers), .ing.pa (Engineers), .med.pa (Medical doctors) Non-profits: .org.pa Network operators: .net.pa Education: .edu.pa, .ac.pa (Higher education or research) Healthcare: .sld.pa Government: .gob.pa Individuals: .nom.pa | Registry does not publish eligibility rules. |
| .pe | Peru | Anyone | Education: .edu.pe Government: .gob.pe Military: .mil.pe Open: .com.pe, .org.pe, .net.pe, .nom.pe | Any natural or legal person, Peruvian or foreign. |
| .pr† | Puerto Rico | Anyone | Other: .isla.pr (Reportedly limited to Puerto Rico residents) Open: .com.pr, .net.pr, .org.pr, .biz.pr, .info.pr | Open to registrants worldwide. |
| .py | Paraguay | Anyone Second-level only | Non-profits: .org.py (Non-profit declaration required) Network operators: .net.py (ISPs and telecom service providers) Education: .edu.py (Recognised institutions resident in Paraguay) Government: .gov.py Military: .mil.py (Paraguayan Armed Forces) Other: .coop.py (Cooperatives recognised by INCOOP) Open: .com.py | Any person, national or foreign; registrations only at third level. |
| .sr† | Suriname | Not verified | — | Direct example.sr offered with manual validation; eligibility rules not published. |
| .sv | El Salvador | Local presence required | Non-profits: .org.sv Network operators: .red.sv (Reserved for national network administration) Education: .edu.sv (Education or research institutions) Government: .gob.sv (National government institutions) Open: .com.sv (Commercial and all others, incl. personal names) | Registry form requires an administrative contact permanently resident in El Salvador; direct example.sv offered. |
| .sx | Sint Maarten | Anyone | — | No Sint Maarten address required. |
| .tc | Turks & Caicos Islands | Anyone | Open: .com.tc, .net.tc, .org.tc, .pro.tc | Registry terms set no residency or document requirement; registration via accredited registrars. |
| .tt | Trinidad & Tobago | Anyone | Non-profits: .charity.tt (Documentation required) Education: .edu.tt (Educational institutions in Trinidad and Tobago) Government: .gov.tt (Via Government of Trinidad and Tobago (iGovTT)) Military: .mil.tt Open: .co.tt, .com.tt, .org.tt, .net.tt, .biz.tt, .pro.tt, .info.tt, .name.tt | Registry accepts foreign registrants at higher fees; no residency requirement. |
| .uy | Uruguay | Local presence required | Businesses: .com.uy (Commercial entities; managed by ANTEL) Non-profits: .org.uy Network operators: .net.uy (Internet service providers) Education: .edu.uy Government: .gub.uy (Via AGESIC only) Military: .mil.uy (Via AGESIC only) | Registrant must give a legal address (domicilio constituido) in Uruguay; .com.uy run separately by ANTEL. |
| .vc† | St. Vincent & Grenadines | Anyone | Open: .com.vc, .net.vc, .org.vc | Registry does not publish eligibility rules; registrars apply no restrictions. |
| .ve | Venezuela | Anyone | Education: .edu.ve Government: .gob.ve Military: .mil.ve Open: .com.ve, .co.ve, .net.ve, .org.ve, .info.ve, .web.ve, .emprende.ve (Discounted, aimed at entrepreneurs) | Providencia 046/2023: national or foreign persons may register; example.ve is premium by reservation; some registrars stopped selling .ve. |
| .vg | British Virgin Islands | Anyone | — | Registry terms set no residency requirement; geographic and official names need written consent. |
| .vi | U.S. Virgin Islands | Anyone | Open: .co.vi, .com.vi, .net.vi, .org.vi | Non-residents may register .vi and co/com/net/org.vi at higher fees; USVI residents pay less. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Other territories
| Domain | Country / territory | Who can register | Second-level domains | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .aq† | Antarctica | Specific registrants only | — | Antarctic Treaty signatories or organisations with Antarctic presence; free; usually one domain each. |
| .bv | Bouvet Island | Not open for registration | — | Delegated but never opened for registrations. |
| .gs | South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands | Anyone | — | Registrant agreement sets no residency requirement. |
| .io | British Indian Ocean Territory | Anyone | — | Anyone, anywhere can register. |
| .sh | St. Helena | Anyone | Other: .com.sh (Third level; St Helena residents only), .net.sh (Third level; St Helena residents only), .org.sh (Third level; St Helena residents only), .gov.sh (Third level; St Helena residents only), .edu.sh (Third level; St Helena residents only), .mil.sh (Third level; St Helena residents only) | Second-level names open worldwide; third-level names reserved for St Helena residents. |
| .su† | Soviet Union (legacy) | Anyone | — | Since 2026, registrants must be identified via Russia’s ESIA (Gosuslugi); foreign registrants allowed in principle, practical access unclear. |
| .tf | French Southern Territories | Regional presence required | — | Same rules as .fr: residence/establishment in EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland. |
¹ One domain per organisation.
† Not confirmed in the registry’s own published rules (based on registrar documentation, or sources disagree). Confirm with the registry before relying on it.
Codes that are not in use
These two-letter codes are listed by IANA but not assigned to any registry, so nothing can be registered under them: .an, .bl, .bq, .eh, .mf, .tp, .um.